December: What are the ephemeris for today, December 6?

On December 6, various events occurred that remained marked in the almanac of international history. From scientific discoveries, celebrity births and even tragic deaths, this is what happened in history, on this day.

Ephemeris, December 6:

35: In present-day Guatemala, the first writings in America are documented, stelae from the late Olmec period.

1060: In Hungary, Bela I is crowned king.

1196: Tello Pérez de Meneses founds the Villamartín Hospital and donates it to the Order of Santiago.

1196: The St. Nicholas flood occurs, covering the northern Netherlands and the Zuiderzee area, including Griend Island, with water.

1240: As part of the Mongol invasion of Russia, kyiv ―under the rule of Danylo de Halych and Voivode Dmytro― falls into the hands of Batu Khan’s Mongols.

1248: Prince Alfonso the Wise of Castile officially enters the city of Alicante, after the conquest of its castle two days before.

1534: In Ecuador, the Spanish conquerors change the name of the indigenous village of Quitu to San Francisco de Quito (now the capital of the Republic).

1703: Between December 5 and 9 (“November 24 to 28” according to the Julian calendar in force on those dates in Europe) the Great Storm of 1703 occurs in the British Isles ―the most violent recorded in the history of the region-. It began on December 5, covering an area 500 km wide, from Wales, central and southern England, the North Sea, the Netherlands and northern Germany. Tornadoes were reported. British journalist and writer Daniel Defoe (author of Robinson Crusoe) wrote that it was “the most terrible storm the world has ever seen”. Many ships of the Dutch and British war fleets were sunk, with hundreds drowning. Storm surges occurred in many locations. The generated floods drowned an unknown number of people (between 80,000 and 15,000).

1704: In Punjab (northwestern India) a Mogul army defeats Sikh soldiers at the Battle of Chamkaur.

1741: The reign of Tsar Ivan VI of Russia ends.

1745: Charles Edward Stuart’s army begins its retreat during the second Jacobite Rising.

1768: The first edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica is published in London.

1791: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is buried in the St. Marx Cemetery in Vienna, in a simple communal grave.

1797: In Spain, the Spanish soldier Joaquín del Pino Sánchez de Rozas is appointed Governor of Chile.

1810: In the city of Guadalajara (Mexico), the priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla declares the abolition of slavery.

1811: The Patricios Regiment rises in Buenos Aires, demanding the return of its first leader, Cornelio Saavedra.

1821: In San Nicolás de los Arroyos (Argentina) the image of the Turkish bishop San Nicolás de Bari is enthroned as patron saint of the city.

1852: In Buenos Aires, the forces of the Argentine Confederation begin the siege of Buenos Aires.

1863: In Colombia the Battle of Cuaspud between Colombia and Ecuador takes place with a Colombian victory.

1865: In the United States, almost all states ratify the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. In it slavery is abolished.

1866: In Margolles (Asturias) a meteorite falls.

1868: In the Ytororó Stream, on the Paraguay River (25 km from Asunción) ―in the framework of the War of the Triple Alliance―, the Brazilian army (12,000 soldiers) achieved the withdrawal of the Paraguayan army (4,100 soldiers ) in the battle of Ytororó. There are 18,064 Brazilian casualties and 1,116 Paraguayan casualties.

1877: In Washington D. C. (United States) the first issue of The Washington Post is published.

1877: In the United States, inventor Thomas Alva Edison, using his new phonograph, makes the first recording of a human voice.

1879: The second term of Cesáreo Guillermo as president ends in the Dominican Republic.

1890: Charles Robert Richet performs the first serum-therapeutic injection in a man.

1897: London becomes the first city to issue taxi licences.

1904: In the United States, President Theodore Roosevelt ―as a reaction to the 1902-1903 naval blockade of Venezuela― adds to the Monroe Doctrine (“America for the Americans”) the Roosevelt Corollary (“America for the Americans”).

1906: The district of Chimbote is founded in Peru.

1912: A German archaeological team discovers the limestone bust of Queen Nefertiti, wife of King Akhenaten, at Tutmose.

1914: In Mexico City, the troops of Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata occupy the National Palace.

1916: During World War I, the Central Powers capture Bucharest.

1917: Finland declares its independence from the Russian Empire

1923: In Turkey, the Ecumenical Synod elects the Metropolitan of Kadiköy (Chalcedonia), Gregory, as the new Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (Istanbul) with the name of Gregory VII.

1925: Karl Wilhelm Reinmuth discovers the asteroid Aquilegia (1063).

1928: In Ciénaga, near Santa Marta, on the Caribbean coast of Colombia, between December 5 and December 6, the Government of Miguel Abadía Méndez orders the assassination of 1,800 workers who were on strike against the United States company United Fruit Company (Massacre of the Bananeras).

1935: In Pedro Juan Caballero (Paraguay) the Club Sportivo 2 de Mayo is founded.

1941: In the framework of World War II, the United Kingdom declares war on Finland for the Finnish aggression against the Soviet Union during the Continuation War. The United Kingdom and Finland will be at war until the end of World War II.

1956: At the Melbourne Olympic Games -within the framework of the Hungarian Revolution- there is a water polo match between Hungary and the Soviet Union.

1956: At the 1956 Melbourne Olympic Games, Mexican diver Joaquín Capilla won first place in the 10 m event, becoming the first non-American athlete since 1924 to win the gold medal in diving.

1959: In Naples (Italy), the San Paolo (Italy) is inaugurated.

1967: In the United States, surgeon Adrian Kantrowitz (1918-2008) performs the second heart transplant (three days earlier, in South Africa, Dr. Christian Barnard had performed the first).

1967: In a well 195 meters underground, in the U10ai area of ​​the Nevada Atomic Test Site (about 100 km northwest of the city of Las Vegas), at 5:00 (local time) the United States detonates its Atomic bomb No. 530: Polka, 0.2 kilotons.

1969: In Managua (Nicaragua), President General Anastasio Somoza Debayle and his wife Hope Portocarrero inaugurate the Rubén Darío National Theater designed by the architect José Francisco Terán.

1971: Deep Purple write their most globally recognized song, Smoke on the water.

1971: Pakistan and India recognize Bangladesh.

1977: South Africa grants mandatory independence to Bofutatsuwana, but no country recognizes that fact.

1978: In Spain the current Spanish Constitution is approved in a referendum.

1982: In the village of Las Dos Erres, in the Guatemalan department of La Libertad (Petén), the government of General Efraín Ríos Montt carried out the first day of the Las Dos Erres Massacre, in which they tortured and murdered the entire population of the village (more than 500 people).

1989: In Montreal (Canada) there is a massacre at the Polytechnic School of Montreal.

1989: In the Paloquemao sector of Bogotá, Colombia, the DAS (Colombian intelligence) building is destroyed in a terrorist attack by a truck loaded with 500 kilograms of explosives: 103 people die and another 600 are injured, in addition to hundreds of locals. destroyed commercials. Miguel Alfredo Maza Márquez, director of the institution, is saved. The act was provoked by Pablo Escobar, leader of the Medellín Cartel.

1998: In Venezuela, Hugo Chávez emerges victorious in the presidential elections.

2001: The first Harry Potter film (Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone) is released in Latin America.

2001: In Canada, the province of Newfoundland is renamed Newfoundland and Labrador.

2002: A massacre takes place in the Plaza Francia in Caracas (Venezuela), resulting in the deaths of three people and 29 injuries, when a man, João de Gouveia, attacks the opposition citizens who were demonstrating peacefully.

2005: In Dongzhou (China), in a peasant protest, the police murder an unknown number of people.

2006: NASA publishes photos from the Mars Global Surveyor that suggest the presence of water on Mars.

2013: In (Brazil), the group draw for the 2014 Soccer World Cup is held.

2015: In (Venezuela), parliamentary elections are held. For the first time in 17 years, Chavismo loses a share of power in Venezuela.

2017: Debut by K-pop boy group The Boyz.

2018: In Guadalajara, Mexico, Enrique Alfaro Ramírez assumes the position of governor of the state of Jalisco.

births

1942: Peter Handke, Austrian writer, Nobel Prize for Literature in 2019.

deaths

345: Nicholas of Bari, bishop and Turkish saint (b. 270).

1873: The Mexican poet Manuel Acuña commits suicide.

FS