Ephemeris of May 27 in Argentina and the world

Marketing Day. On May 27, 1965, the Argentine Marketing Association (AAM) was founded as a non-profit association. In 1995 this date was decreed as “Marketing Day”.

In 1527 the construction of the Sancti Spiritu fort was ordered. The Venetian navigator Sebastián Caboto or Gaboto, ordered the construction of the Sancti Spiritu fort on a ravine in the Carcarañá River, near its mouth with the Paraná, in the current province of Santa Fe. It was the first Spanish settlement in what would become the country . Not only that. From there, the first European incursion into present-day Argentina began, with a captain Francisco de César, sent by Gaboto, going up the Carcarañá in search of those known as “Sierras de la Plata”. Together with soldiers at the order of the Spanish Kingdom, they climbed the Ctalalamochita (Third), according to some historians, reaching the Champaquí, and according to others, passing to the Conlara valley, in San Luis. They returned with some valuable stones, but without news of the riches to which a survivor of the expedition of Juan Díaz de Solís had alluded, found by Gaboto on the coast of southern Brazil, nor about a city governed by a supposed ” White king”. As indicated, from there came the current name of the estuary, known as Río de la Plata, and from that expedition also came the name of the country and its inhabitants, Argentina, which comes from the Latin silver, which means silver. Your record was found written in the expression Terra Argentea included in a cartographic piece of the Portuguese Lopo Homen of 1554. There are reliable testimonies of the time that account for the association existing at that time between the territory and the Río de la Plata, but it is in 1602 that the appearance of a book would fix The denomination. It is also indicated that the diffusion of the term responds to the association of the territory corresponding to the old Viceroyalty created in 1776 and the obligatory route of shipments of metal from Potosí to Spain.

In 1875 Jorge Newbery was born. Engineer, aviator and athlete, he was a forerunner of aviation in Argentina. He was the founder of the Military Aeronautics Aeroclub and excelled in boxing, swimming, motor racing, fencing and rowing. The public life of Jorge Newbery took place between the last decade of the 19th century and the first decade and a half of the 20th century, at a very special moment in Argentina, characterized by an enormous majority of European immigration that multiplied by five the demographic importance of the country. in the world. In 1910 he obtained his pilot’s license (brevet), but continued to make balloon ascents until 1912. From that year on he devoted himself exclusively to aviation. As a direct result of the offer of Newbery and the Aero Club Argentino to make their park freely available to the Ministry of War, on August 10, 1912, President Roque Sáenz Peña created the Escuela Militar de Aviación, the first military air force in the Americas. Latin. Given the lack of public funds to buy planes, the Aero Club Argentino organized a popular collection with which the first fleet was acquired. On May 25, 1913 paraded for the first time. They were four monoplanes piloted by two civilians, Newbery and Macías, and two soldiers, Goubat and Agneta. A few months later the Army appointed the first two as military pilots. On March 1, 1914, while he was making a demonstration prior to crossing the Andes Mountains in the next month, he died when his plane fell on the Los Tamarindos airfield, as the current El Plumerillo area was known then. , in Mendoza, when he crashed to the ground in a Morane-Saulnier plane that he himself was piloting. He was 38 years old.

Dashiell Hammett was born in 1894. He was an American writer of black novels, short stories and film scripts, as well as a political activist. Among the most memorable characters he created are Sam Spade, detective couple Nick and Nora Charles, and the Continental agent.

In 1897 John Cockcroft was born. He was a British physicist. He received the Nobel Prize in Physics for being the first to disintegrate an atomic nucleus, and was instrumental in the development of nuclear energy.

In 1901 Enrique Santos Discépolo, “Discepolín”, was born. He was an Argentine composer, musician, playwright and actor. He was also known as Discepolín. He is especially remembered for composing several of the so-called “fundamental tangos”, or “golden tangos”, among which stand out yira, yira (1929), Swap (1934), One (1943), and Cafe in Buenos Aires (1948). Norberto Galasso, one of the most recognized biographers of Discépolo, expressed that his life “It was a permanent tearing apart in an unjust society (…) only understandable within the framework of the suffered Argentina of the 20th century”. In 1928 she composed the tango “I’m drunk tonight”. Between 1928 and 1929, he wrote Chorra, Malevaje, I’m a harlequin and Yira, yira, among others. Between 1931 and 1934 he wrote several musical works, among them, Wunderbar Y three hopes. In 1935 he traveled to Europe and on his return he joined the world of cinema as an actor, screenwriter and director. He simultaneously wrote and composed his most notable tangos. there they arrived Swap (1934), Disenchantment (1937), bandoneon soul (1935), One (with music by Mariano Mores, 1943), and desperate song (1944). From 1943 in the framework of a campaign initiated by the military government that forced the suppression of lunfardo, as well as any reference to drunkenness, prostitution and pimping or expressions that were arbitrarily considered immoral or negative for the language or for the country, included tango “One” within those censored for broadcast on the radio. In 1949, Sadaic directors asked the Post and Telecommunications administrator to rescind those restrictions, but to no avail. They obtained an audience with Juan D. Perón, which was held on March 25 of that same year. He claimed that he was unaware of the existence of those directives and rescinded them. That way One, like many tangos, were able to return to the radio. In 1947, after a tour of Mexico and Cuba, he composed Cafe in Buenos Aires (1948). Of Peronist ideology, from the radio, he identified with the nickname “Mordisquito” those he considered “rams” of the oligarchy or sepoys. His participation in that program and the defense of Peronism generated the hatred of many, to the point of buying all the tickets for his shows so that when he went on stage he would find the theater empty. Said action, by people whom she considered friends, filled him with deep sadness, which added to a cancer that he suffered from, precipitated his death on December 23, 1951.

In 1931, the first balloon flight into the stratosphere was made. Auguste Antoine Piccard, Swiss inventor and explorer, as well as professor of physics at the universities of Zurich and Brussels, together with an assistant, Paul Kipfer, became the first human beings to reach the stratosphere. They achieved it in a pressurized capsule hanging from a balloon, reaching a height of 15,971 meters, departing from Augsburg on May 27, 1931. On August 18, 1932, he repeated the experiment with Max Cosyns in Dübendorf, reaching a new record of 16,200 meters. He studied cosmic rays and the ionized layers of the upper layers of the atmosphere (stratosphere). The event was collected by the magazine “Popular Science” in its August 1931 edition. On page 23 it narrated the following: Piccard and his assistant found cosmic rays, mysterious radiation from outer space, much more powerful than on the surface of the earth, and measured their intensity. The explorers trapped samples of the upper air, “blue air,” as Piccard reported it to appear, in cylinders. Analysis may show that it is exceptionally rich in ozone, the intense blue gas supposedly responsible for the Heaviside layer, or “radio ceiling.” Also mentioned in the same article: “Through the windows, observers saw the earth… It looked like a flat disc with raised edges. At the 10-mile level, the sky was a deep, dark blue. When the observations were complete, the explorers attempted to descend, without success. As their oxygen tanks emptied, the two floated aimlessly over Germany, Austria, and Italy. After 17 hours, when they had already been given up for dead, they appeared on the Gurgl glacier in the Austrian Alps at an altitude of 1,950 meters. The first to reach the stratosphere were greeted as heroes. Piccard managed to complete a total of 27 trips to high altitudes in which he continued to carry out experiments. In the year 1937, he presented another of his inventions, a bathyscaphe. In 1947, he began his experiments in the study of great depths in the devices called bathysphere and bathyscaphe. He managed to reach a depth of 3,150 meters on September 30, 1953 near the Cape Verde archipelago. From there, he continued the family saga with great explorers, since his son, Jacques Piccard, was a pioneer in reaching the maximum depth marine in a bathyscaphe. His grandson, Bertrand Piccard, along with Brian Jones, were the first to circle the globe non-stop with an aerostat in 1999. Piccard and Kipfer had set a milestone in 1931.

In 1970 Joseph Fiennes was born. He is a British film, television, stage and voice actor. He is best known for his work on the stage and for playing William Shakespeare himself in Shakespeare in Love (1998), a film that earned thirteen Oscar nominations and won in seven categories, including “Best Picture.”

In 1994 the Nobel laureate Alexander Solzhenitsyn returned to Russia after 20 years of exile. He was a Russian writer and historian, Nobel Prize for Literature in 1970. A critic of Soviet socialism, he helped publicize the Gulag, forced labor camps in the Soviet Union in which he was imprisoned from 1945 to 1956.

In 2006 Alex Toth died. He was a Spanish cartoonist and animator. He began his career drawing comics, among which his remembered version of The Adventures of Zorro, from Disney. He worked as a designer for various Hanna-Barbera animated series during the 1960s and 1970s. His collaborations with Iwao Takamoto include: Jonny Quest, Space Ghost, The Herculoids, Dino Boy, Moby-Dick and Mighty Mightor, Birdman and the Galaxy Trio, Shazzan, Samson and Goliath, Underwater Laboratory 2020, Fantastic Four and Super Friends. He also participated in various designs for the Joe Ruby and Ken Spears animated series such as: Scooby-doo!, dynamite, wonder dog and thundarr the barbarianor, the latter from Ruby-Spears.

In 2006 Paul Gleason died. He was an American film and television actor. Gleason became known playing Dr. David Thornton in the series All My Childrenbetween 1976 and 1978. He is perhaps best remembered for his character Richard Vernon, the disciplinary director of the film The club of five (1985). She played that character on several occasions, including a music video for the group. A*Teensin the television series Boy Meets World’ (although the character was a dean) and in the movie Not Another Teen Movie.

In 2017 Guillermo Sánchez died. He was an Argentine heavy metal and hard rock bassist, singer and songwriter. He was part of the groups Rata Blanca and Mala Medicina. He was popularly known as “El Negro”.

In 2019 “Tuqui” died. Argentine radio host and comedian. Gabriel Gustavo Pinto, known as “Tuqui”, had worked for 20 years in radio Rock pop and had a lot of connection with Argentine rock, due to his connections with artists such as Luca Prodan and Gustavo Nápoli, as well as for his participation in programs related to the genre, hosted by Mario Pergolini, Elizabeth Vernaci or Juan Di Natale. In 2012 he had suffered a traffic accident that led to multiple health complications for him. Among the cities in which he had lived, is Santa Rosa de Calamuchita, in the mountains of Córdoba.