Today is the day that stands out, this week from December 5 to 11, the anniversary of the death of Dom Pedro II, the last emperor of Brazil. Furthermore, International Human Rights Day, which falls on the 10th of this month, marks a milestone in establishing the right to equality for all.
Dom Pedro II, the last emperor of Brazil
December 5, 2021 will mark 130 years since the death of Dom Pedro II, the last emperor of Brazil. Dom Pedro II was in charge of the empire for 49 years, between 1840 and 1889. He was known as a great supporter of the arts, education and science. It even offered scholarships for Brazilians to study abroad.
The story of the last emperor of Brazil begins when Dom Pedro I, his father, returns to Europe when his son and heir to the Brazilian throne was only five years old. Dom Pedro II could only assume the throne in 1843, when he came to the throne. coming of age. However, considering that Brazil was going through a bad time in the Regency, the Coup of the Majority occurred, a fact that allowed Dom Pedro II to ascend to the title of emperor in 1840, when he was only 14 years old.
His reign was marked by the Paraguayan War and a political crisis, towards the end of the monarchical period. On November 15, 1889, José do Patrocínio proclaimed the Republic, with the support of Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca. Thus, the royal family received the request to leave Brazil. Dom Pedro II, along with his family, left the country on December 17, 1889. He never set foot in Brazil again and died of pneumonia while living in France in 1891.
In 2019, the program National Radio Na Trilha da História narrated the trajectory of the monarch.
120 years of Walt Disney
Also on December 5, the great designer, entrepreneur, producer and founder of the company that bears his name, Walt Disney would turn 120 years in 2021. Owner of a unique talent as a film producer, Walt created several characters that are still present. in anyone’s imagination. “Mickey Mouse” is a very clear example of this. Walt Disney was born in Chicago, United States, on December 5, 1901 and died in 1966 in the city of Los Angeles, at the age of 65.
In 2018, Hoje History recalled the 117 years since the birth of the animated filmmaker, producer and screenwriter Walt Disney. Click on the player to listen:
In 2016, the program Music Booklet , of the MEC FM , yielded this tribute to the creator of Disneyland and his famous characters .
230 years without Mozart
On December 5, but in 1791, Wolfgang Amadeu Mozart, Austrian musician and composer, died at the age of 35. Mozart was known mainly for the composition Eine Kleine Natchtmusik , premiered in the year 1787. The composer, at the end of his life, composed many works and made a lot of money from it, but spent the same amount. In this way, Mozart, despite his importance to music, was buried without much greatness. Even so, his memory is kept alive through his songs.
The program Scores , from TV Brazil , broadcast a presentation of the Rio Symphony Orchestra, held in 2020, with the main pieces by Mozart.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=/kZY_Sfk9ekE
Fight against corruption
On December 9, the International Anti-Corruption Day is celebrated. The date recalls the signing by several countries of the United Nations Convention against Corruption, which was precisely on December 9, 2003, in the city of Mérida, Mexico. The purpose of the document is to strengthen cooperation among all participating countries to combat the evils of corruption.
The date reminds us that corruption affects the whole of society. Here in Brazil, the Office of the Comptroller General of the Union (CGU) is responsible for monitoring the implementation of the Convention and other commitments assumed by the country in the fight against corruption.
In 2017, the program Em conta , from National Radio , cited some cases that marked the country and contextualized how the date was created.
International human rights day
International Human Rights Day has been celebrated since 1950 in memory of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights , which was approved by the United Nations (UN) on December 10, 1948. After two world wars, the resolution intends, through the Declaration, to outline ideals that emphasize respect for human beings.
In 2020, the television news Reporter Brazil He recalled the importance of the date, especially in times of pandemic. At that time, the Universal Declaration was 72 years old.
International Animal Rights Day
International Animal Rights Day has been celebrated on December 10 since 1998. This day is important to raise awareness about the life and rights of animals, including a new family structure with the inclusion of pets. The relationship of friendship between men and animals is not of modern times, since the rocky period of this type of interaction has already been seen.
Lately, International Animal Rights Day, together with Green December, has reaffirmed the need to discuss the mistreatment of animals and the creation of laws against such acts.
In 2020, the program National afternoon He spoke with the professor and founder of the Center for Animal Rights (NEDAI), of the University of Brasilia, Elen Geraldes. The group brings together more than 30 researchers and entities related to the subject.
* Supervised by Alessandra Esteves
See the Today is a Day table for other events and dates that marked the week.
December 5-11, 2021
5
Death of Emperor Dom Pedro II (130 years)
Birth of American designer, entrepreneur and producer Walt Disney (120 years)
Death of the Austrian composer of the classical period Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (230 years)
Birth of the Bahian writer, politician and activist Carlos Mariguella (110 years old)
Birth of the Rio de Janeiro singer Sílvio de Lima, Silvinho (90 years old), known as O Rei do Bolero e da Seresta, was a singer on Rádio Nacional, in Rio de Janeiro.
Invasão Coritinana (45 years old) – Maracanã hosted the match between Fluminense and Corinthians, valid for the semifinal of the Brazilian Championship that year. As it is a unique game and as a reaction to a provocation by the then tricolor president Francisco Horta, more than a thousand buses with fans of the São Paulo team arrived in Rio de Janeiro, which even forced Detrán to create a special operation for traffic in the Presidente Dutra Highway, which connects the 2 states
International Volunteer Day for Economic and Social Development – commemoration instituted by the UN in Resolution No. A / RES / 40/212 of December 17, 1985
World Soil Day: commemoration instituted in August 2002 at the XVII World Congress of the International Union of Soil Sciences to commemorate the birthday of the Thai King, His Majesty Bhumibol Adulyadej, who came to the world on December 5, 1927 and which is Responsible for many activities to promote soil science and soil protection.
National Day of the Pastoral da Criança – commemoration instituted by Law No. 11,583 of November 28, 2007; finally, it marks the date of the foundation of the Pastoral da Criança in Brazil, which took place on December 5, 1983, based on an experimental program, launched in the Brazilian town of Florestópolis-PR, at the initiative of the Brazilian pediatrician and health worker . , Zilda Arns Neumann, with the support of the then Archbishop of the Brazilian city of Londrina-PR, Dom Geraldo Majella Agnelo
6
Death of the gaucho politician and former president of Brazil João Goulart, Jango (45 years old)
Birth of the Rio de Janeiro singer Emílio Santiago (75 years old)
Death of the musician, singer and composer João do Vale (25 years)
Getúlio Vargas presents the project to create Petrobras (70 years)
National Day of Mobilization of Men to End Violence against Women – celebrated in Canada and ratified in Brazil by Law No. 11,489 of June 20, 2007
National Rural Extensionist Day
7
International Civil Aviation Day: commemoration instituted in 1994 in Resolution A29-1 of the Assembly of the International Civil Aviation Organization, ratified by the UN in 1996, to mark the date of signing of the Convention on International Civil Aviation; Its purpose is to generate and strengthen global awareness of the importance of international civil aviation in the social and economic development of States.
8
Birth of Cláudio Villas-Bôas from São Paulo (105 years old) – together with his brothers Orlando and Leonardo, he was projected in Brazilian indigenous politics
Justice Day – celebrated by Brazilians according to Decree Law No. 8292 of December 5, 1945, which later declared December 8 a holiday for forensic purposes, and which from then on was consecrated to Justice in Brazil, being subsequently ratified in item 4 of Article No. 62 of Law No. 5,010 of May 30, 1966
Inauguration of Avenida Paulista (130 years)
9
International Day for the Commemoration and Dignity of the Victims of Genocide and the Prevention of this Crime – date recognized by the UN
International Day to Combat Corruption: commemoration instituted by the UN in Resolution A / RES / 58/4 of October 31, 2003, to mark the date of signing of the United Nations Convention against Corruption, which was signed by more than 110 countries on December 9, 2003 in the Mexican city of Mérida, and which was ratified in Brazil by Legislative Decree No. 348 of May 18, 2005 and promulgated for Brazilians by Executive Decree No. 5687 of May 31, January 2006
Special children’s day
10
Birth of the director, actor, composer and musical director of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Hamilton Vaz Pereira (70 years)
Death of the Chilean general and dictator Augusto Pinochet (15 years)
The first Nobel Prize ceremony takes place in Stockholm (120 years)
President Nelson Mandela signs a new constitution and ends apartheid in South Africa (25 years)
clown day
International Human Rights Day: it is celebrated on the day of the acclamation and proclamation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948.
International Animal Rights Day – created 20 years ago by the English NGO Uncaged, with the aim of drawing attention to the need to include all animals as moral subjects, with rights, capable of feeling and suffering.
eleven
Death of the Archduchess of Austria and Empress Consort of the Brazilian Empire, María Leopoldina of Austria, first wife of D. Pedro I (195 years)
Birth of the Puerto Rican actress Rita Moreno (90 years)
Death of the actor and television presenter from Rio de Janeiro Rodolfo Bottino (10 years old) – presented the series Gema Brasil on TVE RJ for almost a decade
Death of the composer, cartoonist and designer from Rio de Janeiro Antônio Nássara (25 years)
United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Foundation (75 years)
International Mountain Day – Commemoration instituted by the UN Assembly, in Resolution No. 57/245 of December 20, 2002, with the special support of UNESCO.
APAES National Day – commemoration in Brazil, which was established by Law No. 10,242 of June 19, 2001; Its purpose is to mark the date of the Foundation of the Association of Parents and Friends of the Disabled of Rio de Janeiro, which took place on December 11, 1954, as the 1st APAE in Brazil, through the initiative of a group, that brings together parents, friends, teachers and doctors of exceptional
National Tango Day in Argentina
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Today is the day: Dom Pedro II, the last emperor of Brazil